402 older和elder的差別 - a podcast by Fly with Lily

from 2020-01-14T08:30:49

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Travel, in the younger sort, is a part of education; in the elder, a part of experience. 旅行对于年轻人而言是一种教育,对老年人来说是一种经历。


单字记忆:
sort [sɔ:rt] n.分类,类别; 品质,本性;方法;一群 vt.& vi.分类;整顿,整理;适合 vt.挑选;把…分类;将…排顺序 vi.分类;交往;协调


older 和 elder 的差別:
於家人之間表示長幼關系,通常用 elder(在美國英語中也用 older)。 Tom is my elder (older) brother.湯姆是我的哥哥。
elder 和 older 都指年長,但 elder 通常指出兩個人的長幼之別,是表明一個身份。


older 則指年紀較大。與其說:The older brother is four years older than the younger one. 較年長的(哥哥)比較年幼的(弟弟)大四歲。不如說:The elder brother (表明大哥身份) is four years older (指年紀較大) than the younger one.


elder 有時用作轉義,指職位、身份較高的人。例:He is an elder statesman. 他是一位政 治元老/資深政客。


專指年齡的大小而言,既可用於一個家庭成員之間,又可用於非同一家庭成員之間。
My elder brother is twelve years older than I am. 我的哥哥比我大十二歲。Mr. Chen is older than I am by two years. 陳先生比我大兩年。
older 常與 than 連用,但是 elder 決不能和 than 連用。正:He is older than I am.


誤:He is elder than I am.
older 只能用作形容詞,elder 既可作形容詞,又可作名詞。例:
My elder brother is twelve years older than I am. 我的大哥比我大十二歲。
Tom, you need to be polite! They are all our elders. 湯姆,你要有禮貌,他們都是我們的長輩。


請注意,elder 只能用來指人,不能指物;older 既可以指人的年紀,也可以指物的新舊。 例如:Jack is three years older than Jill. This is the oldest temple in Taiwan.



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