EMCrit 249 – You Can Either Learn or You Can Blame – Fixing the Morbidity and Mortality Conference with George Douros - a podcast by Scott D. Weingart, MD FCCM
from 2019-06-13T14:20:59
You Can Either Learn or You Can Blame, You Can't Do Both
--Sydney Dekker
Steps Prior to the M&M
Find a Case
The standard referral paths (hospital reporting, pissed off administrators, mortalities) will happen automatically. But you also want to establish yourself as a Master of Whisperers. The way to get people to report cases is to inspire trust. You need to offer protection, establish clear patterns of non-putative motives, and show that you actually do something with the information reported.
Build a Thin Timeline
Comb the chart to build an initial time-line. This will only reflect events, but will offer little actual understanding of what took place.
Interview Primary Decision-Makers
* Dr. Douros asks lets them know he wants to meet over coffee and asks them to write up a 1 paragraph description of events.
* He sends out a Pre-Reading Sheet of what to expect.
* The goal is to find the inflection point where things diverted from optimal care
* Then to get to the point where the actions that occurred make sense
* Seek to Understand Local Rationality
* Knowledge at the time
* Focus at the time
* Goals at the time
* Goals of this interview overlap greatly with the skillset of a simulation debriefer. As such, check out Simulcast for amazing resources.
Build a Thick Timeline
Incorporate the results of the interview(s) into the timeline
Remember, ED cases are not contiguous they are stimulus/response based
Analyze for Systemic Problems and Brainstorm Solutions
Behavior must be judged as if the outcome is not known. If it was ok when things go right, it is ok when things go wrong.
Presenting the M&M
Dr. Douros does 2 cases in a one-hour block, 1 of them an M&M and the other a Safety & Success case (similar to the Amazing & Awesome Rounds).
PreBrief
Remind the group that this is about learning and identifying systemic problems, not about blame & shame.
Present the Thin and Thick Timelines
* Should take about 10 minutes.
* Exclude extraneous information
* The case can be presented by a Junior, but there needs to be a master facilitator at all sessions
Discuss the Case
~10-15 minutes
Probe for Systemic Problems and Solutions
~10-15 minutes
Send F/U Email with Lessons
To reinforce for those who attended and fill in those who did not
Recommended Resources
The Field Guide to Understanding 'Human Error'
This is the first go-to, a must read. It will change your vision of error.
Next, you can move on to another Dekker book:
EMCrit Podcast
Further podcasts by Scott D. Weingart, MD FCCM
Website of Scott D. Weingart, MD FCCM